Symptoms of transient ischemic attacks and strokes
Types of ischemic strokes
Cardiac causes for stroke
Strokes from the carotid and vertebral arteries
Clotting abnormalities as a cause for strokes
Medical treatment of ischemic strokes
Complications from stroke
Cardiac arrest and brain injury
Recovery and rehabilitation.
A patient's perspective --
2. What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)? --
3. What is the difference between transient ischemic attack and stroke? --
4. What are the major causes of stroke? --
5. How does a CT help with the diagnosis of stroke? --
6. How does an MRI help with the diagnosis of stroke? --
pt. 2. Symptoms of transient ischemic attacks and strokes --
7. What are the common symptoms of transient ischemic attacks and stroke? --
8. What is neglect syndrome? --
10. Is dizziness a sign of stroke? --
11. Is blurring of vision a sign of stroke? --
12. What is "locked-in syndrome"? --
13. How often do you get headaches with stroke? --
pt. 3. Types of ischemic strokes --
14. What is a lacunar stroke? --
15. What is an embolic stroke? --
pt. 4. Cardiac causes for stroke --
16. What is a trial fibrillation? --
17. What is a paradoxical embolus? --
18. What is the risk of stroke after a hart attack? --
19. What is endocarditis? --
20. Can strokes occur as a result of aortic arch disease? --
21. How common are strokes from cardiac procedures? --
pt. 5. Strokes from the carotid and vertebral arteries --
22. How do you diagnose disease in the carotid and vertebral arteries? --
23. How do you treat symptomatic carotid disease? --
24. Should you treat asymptomatic carotid narrowing? --
25. What if I do not qualify for surgery? --
26. What if the carotid artery is completely blocked? --
27. What if the narrowing of the artery is not accessible by surgery? --
28. Can medication be a substitute for surgery in treating carotid disease? --
29. What is a dissection? --
30. What causes a dissection? --
31. What is fibromuscular dysplasia? --
32. How do you treat dissections? --
33. What is a dissecting aneurysm? --
34. Can dissections reoccur? --
pt. 6. Clotting abnormalities as a cause for strokes --
35. What are the common clotting disorders? --
36. How does an abnormality in clotting factors increase the risk for stroke? --
37. How do you test for clotting disorders? --
38. What is the treatment for clotting abnormalities? --
39. Can cancer cause a stroke? --
pt. 7. Hemorrhagic stroke --
40. What are the major causes of intracerebral hemorrhages? --
41. What factors contribute to worsening of outcome in bleeds? --
42. How do you treat bleeds? --
43. How do you manage blood pressure in patients with a bleed? --
44. How common is bleeding from warfarin? --
45. What is an arterial-venous malformation? --
46. What is a cerebral cavernous angioma? --
pt. 8. Subarachnoid hemorrhage --
47. What are the symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage? --
48. What is a warning leak? --
49. How do you diagnose subarachnoid hemorrhage? --
50. What is the risk of bleeding from an aneurysm? --
51. What are the risk factors that cause an aneurysm to bleed? --
52. Do aneurysms smaller than 7 mm bleed? --
53. Are aneurysms inherited? --
54. Can you have a subarachnoid hemorrhage without an aneurysm? --
55. How is an aneurysm treated? --
56. How do you treat complications from subarachnoid hemorrhage? --
57. How do you monitor for spasms? --
58. How do you treat spasms? --
59. What is giant cell arteritis? --
60. What is primary central nervous system vasculitis? --
61. Can other inflammatory diseases cause central nervous system vasculitis? --
62. Can sarcoidosis cause strokes? --
63. Can lupus cause strokes? --
64. Can HIV cause strokes? --
pt. 10. Other causes of stroke --
65. Can you have a stroke in the vein instead of the artery? --
66. What is arterial-venous dural fistula? --
67. Can street drugs cause strokes? --
68. Can sickle cell disease cause stroke? --
69. What is moyamoya disease? --
71. Does radiation cause strokes? --
72. Do migraines cause strokes? --
73. Does taking oral contraceptives cause strokes? --
pt. 11. Medical treatment of ischemic strokes --
75. When do you give tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)? --
76. How are transient ischemic attacks treated? --
77. What is the best blood-thinning medication to prevent stroke? --
78. Are higher doses of aspirin more effective? --
79. What is the correct does of aspirin to help prevent strokes? --
80. Are there alternatives to aspirin? --
81. Is clopidogrel or ticlopidine (Ticlid) as effective as aspirin in preventing stroke? --
82. How effective is dipyridamole? --
83. Can I continue to take aspirin and ibuprofen for my joint pain? --
84. Is the discontinuation of aspiring for elective surgery necessary?--
85. When is warfarin used to prevent strokes? --
86. What should I do if I notice an excessive amount of bleeding while I am on warfarin? --
87. Is it necessary to discontinue warfarin for minor surgeries and dental cleaning? --
88. What happens if I don't take warfarin for a few days? --
89. Is heparin used to treat strokes? --
pt. 12. Complications from stroke --
90. What are the most common complications from stroke? --
91. How should blood pressure be managed in an acute stroke? --
pt. 13. Cardiac arrest and brain injury --
92. How can you determine recovery of brain function after cardiac arrest? --
93. What are the major risk factors for stroke? --
94. Should patients with recent stroke also get evaluated for underlying asymptomatic coronary artery disease? --
pt. 15. Recovery and rehabilitation --
95. What is constraint-induced movement therapy? --
96. Are there medications that can affect recovery from a stroke? --
97. What if normal swallowing does not return? --
98. What is spasticity? --
99. Is irritability and depression common after stroke? --
100. How are decisions regarding extent of card made? --
